COUNTRY PROFILE / EST

EE

Estonia

Compare Estonia

Estonia is a World Bank reporting economy in Europe & Central Asia. Its reported capital is Tallinn. Explore its demographic, economic and social trends using 15 available indicators.

Europe & Central AsiaHigh incomeLatest observations: 2021–2025

Latest country indicators

What changed?

A decade of change, measured from each indicator’s latest available year.

Population

+3.9%2015 → 2025

GDP per capita

+94.2%2015 → 2025

Internet adoption

+8 percentage points2014 → 2024

Life expectancy

+2.3 years2014 → 2024

Changes describe direction, not performance. Percentage-point differences apply to percentage indicators; currency changes use current US dollars.

THE LONG VIEW

Estonia, through the years

Explore each indicator. Select a time range or open the underlying data table.

Demographics

Demographics / people

Population in Estonia

1.4MLatest available · 2025
Estonia

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Population changed by +3.9% between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
Population·people· World Bank
YearEstonia
20251,366,475
20241,372,341
20231,370,286
20221,348,840
20211,330,932
20201,329,522
20191,326,898
20181,321,977
20171,317,384
20161,315,790
20151,315,407
20141,314,545
20131,317,997
20121,322,696
20111,327,439
20101,331,475
20091,334,515
20081,337,090
20071,340,680
20061,346,810
20051,354,775
20041,362,550
20031,370,720
20021,379,350
20011,388,115
20001,396,985
19991,390,244
19981,386,156
19971,399,535
19961,415,594
19951,436,634
19941,462,514
19931,494,128
19921,533,091
19911,561,314
19901,569,174
19891,568,131
19881,561,900
19871,552,221
19861,540,190
19851,528,781
19841,518,617
19831,508,745
19821,498,414
19811,487,666
19801,477,219
19791,468,333
19781,460,188
19771,450,211
19761,439,576
19751,429,352
19741,418,169
19731,405,951
19721,392,518
19711,376,955
19701,360,076
19691,345,249
19681,331,214
19671,318,946
19661,308,597
19651,294,566
19641,277,086
19631,258,857
19621,241,623
19611,225,077
19601,211,537

The total number of residents, based on the de facto definition of population and midyear estimates. Explore population across countries →

Demographics / %

Population growth in Estonia

-0.4%Latest available · 2025
Estonia

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Population growth changed by -0.5 percentage points between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
Population growth·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
2025-0.43%
20240.15%
20231.58%
20221.34%
20210.11%
20200.2%
20190.37%
20180.35%
20170.12%
20160.03%
20150.07%
2014-0.26%
2013-0.36%
2012-0.36%
2011-0.3%
2010-0.23%
2009-0.19%
2008-0.27%
2007-0.46%
2006-0.59%
2005-0.57%
2004-0.6%
2003-0.63%
2002-0.63%
2001-0.64%
20000.48%
19990.29%
1998-0.96%
1997-1.14%
1996-1.48%
1995-1.79%
1994-2.14%
1993-2.57%
1992-1.82%
1991-0.5%
19900.07%
19890.4%
19880.62%
19870.78%
19860.74%
19850.67%
19840.65%
19830.69%
19820.72%
19810.7%
19800.6%
19790.56%
19780.69%
19770.74%
19760.71%
19750.79%
19740.87%
19730.96%
19721.12%
19711.23%
19701.1%
19691.05%
19680.93%
19670.79%
19661.08%
19651.36%
19641.44%
19631.38%
19621.34%
19611.11%

The annual exponential rate of growth in the midyear population, expressed as a percentage. Explore population growth across countries →

Demographics / %

Urban population in Estonia

70.7%Latest available · 2025
Estonia

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Urban population changed by +2.2 percentage points between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
Urban population·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
202570.72%
202470.7%
202370.68%
202270.49%
202170.18%
202069.88%
201969.58%
201869.28%
201768.99%
201668.72%
201568.48%
201468.27%
201368.09%
201267.96%
201167.88%
201067.8%
200967.73%
200867.67%
200767.61%
200667.56%
200567.51%
200467.47%
200367.43%
200267.41%
200167.39%
200067.39%
199967.44%
199867.65%
199768%
199668.45%
199568.96%
199469.5%
199370.04%
199270.53%
199170.96%
199071.27%
198971.43%
198871.41%
198771.33%
198671.25%
198571.11%
198470.97%
198370.85%
198270.64%
198170.33%
198069.99%
197969.61%
197869.21%
197768.72%
197668.21%
197567.7%
197467.19%
197366.66%
197266.11%
197165.55%
197065.17%
196964.63%
196864.17%
196763.62%
196663.05%
196562.45%
196461.71%
196360.95%
196260.09%
196158.82%
196057.59%

The share of the total population living in urban areas, as defined by national statistical offices. Explore urban population across countries →

Demographics / births per woman

Fertility rate in Estonia

1.2 birthsLatest available · 2024
Estonia

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Fertility rate changed by -0.4 births per woman between 2014 and 2024.

View data table
Fertility rate·births per woman· World Bank
YearEstonia
20241.18 births
20231.31 births
20221.41 births
20211.61 births
20201.58 births
20191.66 births
20181.67 births
20171.59 births
20161.6 births
20151.58 births
20141.54 births
20131.52 births
20121.56 births
20111.61 births
20101.72 births
20091.7 births
20081.72 births
20071.69 births
20061.58 births
20051.52 births
20041.47 births
20031.37 births
20021.36 births
20011.32 births
20001.36 births
19991.3 births
19981.28 births
19971.32 births
19961.37 births
19951.38 births
19941.42 births
19931.49 births
19921.71 births
19911.8 births
19902.05 births
19892.22 births
19882.27 births
19872.27 births
19862.18 births
19852.13 births
19842.17 births
19832.16 births
19822.07 births
19812.07 births
19802.02 births
19792 births
19782.02 births
19772.06 births
19762.07 births
19752.04 births
19742.07 births
19732.06 births
19722.13 births
19712.19 births
19702.17 births
19692.13 births
19682.03 births
19671.9 births
19661.87 births
19651.88 births
19641.94 births
19631.89 births
19621.95 births
19611.98 births
19601.98 births

The number of children a woman would have if she experienced current age-specific fertility rates throughout her childbearing years. Explore fertility rate across countries →

Economy

Economy / USD

GDP in Estonia

$47BLatest available · 2025
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

GDP changed by +101.7% between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
GDP·USD· World Bank
YearEstonia
2025$47,030,833,798.59
2024$43,130,419,829.35
2023$41,470,344,395.11
2022$38,226,641,740.29
2021$37,201,101,170.58
2020$31,820,771,493.9
2019$31,873,748,770.03
2018$31,222,632,740.72
2017$27,469,461,919.12
2016$24,561,027,787.79
2015$23,311,847,750.94
2014$27,055,689,003
2013$25,451,032,780.76
2012$23,237,406,116.4
2011$23,303,915,794.76
2010$19,524,355,419.04
2009$19,633,984,440.12
2008$24,342,935,403.54
2007$22,450,264,166.44
2006$17,025,671,810.31
2005$14,109,491,356.8
2004$12,148,595,031.06
2003$9,876,595,528.46
2002$7,370,119,619.48
2001$6,250,218,422.7
2000$5,686,579,747.54
1999$5,756,912,265.76
1998$5,674,080,542.89
1997$5,154,420,649.23
1996$4,786,018,988.16
1995$4,502,970,889.06
1994$4,123,011,419.74
1993$4,013,091,682.29

Gross domestic product measures the value of goods and services produced in an economy, in current US dollars. Explore gdp across countries →

Economy / USD

GDP per capita in Estonia

$34.4KLatest available · 2025
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

GDP per capita changed by +94.2% between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
GDP per capita·USD· World Bank
YearEstonia
2025$34,417.63
2024$31,428.35
2023$30,264.01
2022$28,340.38
2021$27,951.17
2020$23,933.99
2019$24,021.25
2018$23,618.14
2017$20,851.52
2016$18,666.37
2015$17,722.16
2014$20,581.79
2013$19,310.39
2012$17,568.21
2011$17,555.55
2010$14,663.7
2009$14,712.45
2008$18,205.91
2007$16,745.43
2006$12,641.48
2005$10,414.64
2004$8,916.07
2003$7,205.41
2002$5,343.18
2001$4,502.67
2000$4,070.61
1999$4,140.94
1998$4,093.39
1997$3,682.95
1996$3,380.93
1995$3,134.39
1994$2,819.13
1993$2,685.91

Gross domestic product divided by the midyear population, expressed in current US dollars. Explore gdp per capita across countries →

Economy / %

GDP growth in Estonia

0.6%Latest available · 2025
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

GDP growth changed by -1.3 percentage points between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
GDP growth·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
20250.58%
2024-0.09%
2023-2.74%
2022-1.23%
20218.25%
2020-2.88%
20193.73%
20183.7%
20175.63%
20163.09%
20151.84%
20143.32%
20131.76%
20123.67%
20117.61%
20102.45%
2009-14.63%
2008-5.13%
20077.57%
20069.76%
20059.52%
20046.8%
20037.6%
20026.93%
20015.88%
200010.09%
1999-0.43%
19984.34%
199713.05%
19964.94%
19954.53%
1994-1.64%
1993-5.74%
1992-21.17%
1991-8%

Annual percentage growth of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Explore gdp growth across countries →

Economy / %

Inflation in Estonia

4.8%Latest available · 2025
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

Inflation changed by +5.3 percentage points between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
Inflation·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
20254.83%
20243.52%
20239.16%
202219.4%
20214.65%
2020-0.44%
20192.28%
20183.44%
20173.42%
20160.15%
2015-0.49%
2014-0.11%
20132.78%
20123.93%
20114.98%
20102.97%
2009-0.08%
200810.36%
20076.6%
20064.44%
20054.08%
20043.05%
20031.33%
20023.57%
20015.75%
20004.02%
19993.3%
19988.21%
199710.58%
199623.05%
199528.78%
199447.65%
199389.81%

The annual percentage change in the cost of a basket of goods and services for the average consumer. Explore inflation across countries →

Economy / %

Unemployment in Estonia

8.3%Latest available · 2025
Estonia

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Unemployment changed by +1.9 percentage points between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
Unemployment·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
20258.31%
20247.6%
20236.38%
20225.57%
20216.18%
20206.96%
20194.51%
20185.41%
20175.81%
20166.88%
20156.41%
20147.35%
20138.63%
201210.02%
201112.33%
201016.71%
200913.55%
20085.46%
20074.59%
20065.92%
20058.03%
200410.25%
200311.29%
200210.03%
200113.13%
200013.36%
199911.57%
19989.51%
199710.37%
19969.92%
19959.66%
19947.56%
19936.54%
19923.68%
19911.47%

The share of the labor force without work but available for and seeking employment, using modeled ILO estimates. Explore unemployment across countries →

Health

Health / years

Life expectancy in Estonia

79.3 yearsLatest available · 2024
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

Life expectancy changed by +2.3 years between 2014 and 2024.

View data table
Life expectancy·years· World Bank
YearEstonia
202479.3 years
202378.79 years
202277.84 years
202176.94 years
202078.6 years
201978.65 years
201878.24 years
201778.09 years
201677.64 years
201577.59 years
201477.03 years
201377.14 years
201276.33 years
201176.23 years
201075.43 years
200974.82 years
200873.77 years
200772.81 years
200672.69 years
200572.57 years
200471.91 years
200371.32 years
200270.9 years
200170.26 years
200070.42 years
199970.06 years
199869.36 years
199769.81 years
199669.61 years
199567.54 years
199466.5 years
199367.91 years
199268.86 years
199169.37 years
199069.48 years
198970.04 years
198870.7 years
198770.64 years
198670.09 years
198569.38 years
198469.28 years
198369.38 years
198269.13 years
198168.98 years
198069.11 years
197969.05 years
197869.3 years
197769.45 years
197669.35 years
197569.71 years
197470.35 years
197370.23 years
197269.93 years
197170.12 years
197069.92 years
196969.79 years
196870.08 years
196770.43 years
196670.15 years
196570.18 years
196470.07 years
196369.32 years
196269.29 years
196169.08 years
196068.75 years

The years a newborn would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at birth remained the same throughout life. Explore life expectancy across countries →

Health / %

Health expenditure in Estonia

7.8%Latest available · 2024
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

Health expenditure changed by +1.6 percentage points between 2014 and 2024.

View data table
Health expenditure·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
20247.84%
20237.47%
20226.94%
20217.48%
20207.47%
20196.65%
20186.56%
20176.47%
20166.57%
20156.52%
20146.26%
20136.2%
20126.04%
20116.05%
20106.59%
20096.84%
20085.96%
20075.18%
20064.97%
20055.29%
20045.34%
20035.14%
20024.7%
20014.78%
20005.17%

Current health expenditure as a share of GDP, including public and private spending on healthcare goods and services. Explore health expenditure across countries →

Technology

Technology / %

Internet adoption in Estonia

92.2%Latest available · 2024
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

Internet adoption changed by +8 percentage points between 2014 and 2024.

View data table
Internet adoption·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
202492.24%
202393.18%
202291.52%
202190.98%
202089.06%
201990.23%
201889.36%
201788.1%
201687.24%
201588.41%
201484.24%
201380%
201278.39%
201176.5%
201074.1%
200972.5%
200870.58%
200766.19%
200663.51%
200561.45%
200453.2%
200345.32%
200241.52%
200131.53%
200028.58%
199914.5%
199810.8%
19975.71%
19963.53%
19952.78%
19941.16%
19930.3%
19920.07%
19900%

The percentage of individuals who have used the Internet from any location in the last three months. Explore internet adoption across countries →

Environment

Environment / %

Renewable energy in Estonia

38%Latest available · 2021
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

Renewable energy changed by +12.8 percentage points between 2011 and 2021.

View data table
Renewable energy·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
202138%
202040.4%
201931.3%
201828.6%
201727.5%
201627.2%
201528.2%
201425.3%
201324.5%
201225%
201125.2%
201025.3%
200924.2%
200820.5%
200718.6%
200617.2%
200518.9%
200420%
200319.9%
200219.3%
200118.9%
200019.8%
199920%
199817.9%
199720%
199620.1%
199517.9%
199411.1%
19936.6%
19925.9%
19913.6%
19903.5%

Renewable energy consumption as a share of total final energy consumption. Explore renewable energy across countries →

Environment / %

Access to electricity in Estonia

100%Latest available · 2024
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

Access to electricity changed by 0 percentage points between 2014 and 2024.

View data table
Access to electricity·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
2024100%
2023100%
2022100%
2021100%
2020100%
2019100%
2018100%
2017100%
2016100%
2015100%
2014100%
2013100%
2012100%
2011100%
2010100%
2009100%
2008100%
2007100%
2006100%
2005100%
2004100%
2003100%
2002100%
2001100%
2000100%
1999100%
1998100%
1997100%
1996100%
1995100%
1994100%
1993100%
1992100%
1991100%
1990100%

The percentage of the population with access to electricity, based on household surveys and other sources. Explore access to electricity across countries →

Trade

Trade / %

Trade in Estonia

155.8%Latest available · 2025
Estonia

Interactive chart loading…

Trade changed by +7.3 percentage points between 2015 and 2025.

View data table
Trade·%· World Bank
YearEstonia
2025155.76%
2024151.04%
2023154.59%
2022175.69%
2021160.47%
2020137.39%
2019140.35%
2018143.49%
2017144.64%
2016147.75%
2015148.51%
2014157.95%
2013164.6%
2012169.16%
2011166.75%
2010143.67%
2009116.76%
2008136.68%
2007133.98%
2006136.62%
2005135.91%
2004129.95%
2003122.74%
2002123.28%
2001126.55%
2000126.5%
1999144.12%
1998156.84%
1997151.05%
1996132.98%
1995139.09%
1994148.14%
1993132.13%

The sum of exports and imports of goods and services, measured as a share of gross domestic product. Explore trade across countries →

Source: World Bank · World Development IndicatorsRetrieved 2026-09-23

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